States and Capitals of India : Now 28 states and 8 UTs 2022
India is the 7th largest country in the world and the 2nd most populous country in the world. With a total of 28 states and 8 Union Territories, it forms a union of states in India. India is a union of states and in the states, the Governor, as the representative of the President, is the head of the executive. In India, each state has an administrative, legislative and judicial capital some states all three functions are conducted in one capital. It is a territory that has its own Chief Minister. A state has its own separate government. Functions of the state are handled by the State Government such as security, healthcare, governance, revenue generation, etc.
States formation in India:
The States Reorganization Act, formed in 1956 was a prime force in reorganizing the margins of Indian states along semantic lines. Later, as per a reformation in the Indian Constitution, three types of states, known as Part A states, Part B states, and Part C states, were changed to form a single type of state.
- Part A: States belong to former governors’ regions of British India.
- Part B: States belong to former royal states
- Part C: States involved both the former chief commissioner’s provinces and some princely states.
Although new changes have been introduced in the state boundaries since 1947, the Act is still regarded as an authoritative player in implementing the present shape and forms to the Indian states.
Here is the list of the Indian States and their capitals that every Indian must know:
| States Name | Capital | Founded on | Official Languages |
| Andhra Pradesh | Amaravati | 1 Nov. 1956 | Telugu |
| Arunachal Pradesh | Itanagar | 20 Feb. 1987 | English |
| Assam | Dispur | 26 Jan. 1950 | Assamese |
| Bihar | Patna | 22 Mar. 1912 | Hindi |
| Chhattisgarh | Raipur | 1 Nov. 2000 | Chhattisgarhi |
| Goa | Panaji | 30 May. 1987 | Konkani |
| Gujarat | Gandhinagar | 1 May. 1960 | Gujarati |
| Haryana | Chandigarh | 1 Nov. 1966 | Hindi |
| Himachal Pradesh | Shimla | 25 Jan. 1971 | Hindi |
| Jharkhand | Ranchi | 15 Nov. 2000 | Hindi |
| Karnataka | Bengaluru | 1 Nov. 1956 | Kannada |
| Kerala | Thiruvananthapuram | 1 Nov. 1956 | Malayalam |
| Madhya Pradesh | Bhopal | 1 Nov. 1956 | Hindi |
| Maharashtra | Mumbai | 1 May. 1960 | Marathi |
| Manipur | Imphal | 21 Jan. 1972 | Meiteilon (Manipuri) |
| Meghalaya | Shillong | 21 Jan. 1972 | Garo, Khasi, Pnar & English |
| Mizoram | Aizawl | 20 Feb. 1987 | Mizo |
| Nagaland | Kohima | 1 Dec. 1963 | English |
| Odisha | Bhubaneswar | 26 Jan. 1950 | Odia |
| Punjab | Chandigarh | 1 Nov. 1966 | Punjabi |
| Rajasthan | Jaipur | 1 Nov. 1956 | Hindi |
| Sikkim | Gangtok | 16 May. 1975 | Nepali |
| Tamil Nadu | Chennai | 26 Jan. 1950 | Tamil |
| Telangana | Hyderabad | 2 Jun. 2014 | Telugu |
| Tripura | Agartala | 21 Jan. 1972 | Bengali & Kokborok |
| Uttar Pradesh | Lucknow | 26 Jan. 1950 | Hindi |
| Uttarakhand | Dehradun | 9 Nov. 2000 | Hindi |
| West Bengal | Kolkata | 1 Nov. 1956 | Bengali |
States and Capitals of India: History
India is a sovereign, secular, democratic, republic country with a parliamentary system of government. It is a land of rich cultural heritage and natural beauty. The states and Capitals of India are the basis of its linguistic, cultural, and geographical demarcation. After independence, it comprised 2 political units namely the British Provinces and the Princely States. The partition between India and Pakistan gave three options to the princely states:
- Joining India
- Joining Pakistan
- Remaining independent
Out of the 552 princely states situated within India, 549 joined India and the remaining 3 refused to join India. However, they also integrated later. The Constitution of India was adopted on 26 November 1949 and it was implemented on 26 January 1950. The boundaries of the states of India are reorganized on a linguistic basis by the States Reorganisation Act, 1956.
BWF World badminton championship : K Srikanth won silver
Shuttler Kidambi Srikanth became the first Indian man to win a silver medal at BWF World Championships. In the final, Kidambi was defeated by Singapore’s Loh Kean Yew by 21-15, 22-20. This was the first time that a men’s player from Singapore won gold at BWF World Championships. The badminton tournament was held from December 12 to 19, 2021 in Huelva, Spain.
About the 2021 BWF World Championships
2021 BWF World Championships is officially known as “TotalEnergies BWF World Championships 2021” for sponsorship purpose. The badminton tournament was held from December 12 to 19, 2021 in Huelva, Spain. Huelva was awarded this event in November 2018, when the announcement was made for 18 major badminton event hosts from 2019 to 2025.
Important takeaways for all competitive exams:
- Badminton World Federation Founded: 5 July 1934;
- Badminton World Federation Headquarters: Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
- Badminton World Federation President: Poul-Erik Høyer Larsen.
SAIL honoured Golden Peacock Environment Management Award 2021
Steel Authority of India Ltd. (SAIL), under the Ministry of Steel, has been awarded with the prestigious Golden Peacock Environment Management Award 2021 for successive three years. The Award is given to organizations for significant achievements in Environment Management by Environment Foundation (WEF) since 1998.
The company’s environmental protections measures are focused on adopting various environmental measures including, upgrading of pollution control facilities, water conservation efforts with the aim to achieve Zero Liquid Discharge, efficient handling of different solid wastes (viz. process waste, hazardous waste, canteen/township waste), carbon sequestration through afforestation, eco-restoration of the mined-out area and etc.
Some of the major initiatives undertaken by SAIL in this area.
Carbon footprint reduction has become an integral part of the company’s corporate policies and operations. Deployment of state-of-the-art environment-friendly technology, R&D initiatives in association with academic institutes of repute for resource efficiency, creation of carbon sinks by massive plantation drives, gradual shift to LED lighting, enhancing the share of renewable energy etc.
Important takeaways for all competitive exams:
- SAIL Founded: 19 January 1954;
- SAIL Headquarters: New Delhi;
- SAIL CEO: Soma Mondal.
Karl Nehammer sworn in as Chancellor of Austria
Karl Nehammer was sworn in as new Austria’s chancellor by Alexander Van der Bellen, President of Austria in a ceremony in Hofburg Palace, Vienna, Austria. He is succeeding the career diplomat Alexander Schallenberg who took charge as chancellor in October 2021. He is the 3rd person to hold the role of Austria’s Chancellor in the last two months. Nehammer, from the ruling conservative Austrian People’s Party (ÖVP), was formerly the country’s interior minister.
Who is Nehammer?
The Vienna-born Nehammer worked in the army for several years. He then started working as a communications adviser before becoming a politician in 2017. He was made interior minister in January 2020. While he was in office, Austria experienced its first Islamist terrorist attack, in which four people were killed last November.
Important takeaways for all competitive exams:
- Austria Capital: Vienna;
- Austria Currency: Euro;
- Austria President: Alexander Van der Bellen.
International Arbitration and Mediation Centre inaugurated in Telangana
Chief Justice of India (CJI) Justice NV Ramana, and Chief Minister of Telangana K Chandrasekhar Rao has inaugurated India’s First International Arbitration and Mediation Centre (IAMC) at Phoenix VK Tower at Nanakramguda, Hyderabad, Telangana. Those who empanel the centre include internationally acclaimed arbitrators and mediators from countries such as Singapore and the UK.
About the IAMC:
IAMC has been established to quickly resolve the issues that arise due to the Lack of sufficient judges. IAMC will settle commercial disputes and it will also look into the disputes of ordinary people.
Important takeaways for all competitive exams:
- Telangana Capital: Hyderabad;
- Telangana Governor: Tamilisai Soundararajan;
- Telangana Chief minister: K. Chandrashekar Rao.
Former Union Minister R L Jalappa passes away
A veteran leader of the Indian National Congress (INC) and the former Union Minister of Textiles, RL Jalappa has passed away. RL Jalappa was founder and Chairman of Devaraj Urs Medical College in Kolar and RL Jalappa Institute of Technology, Doddaballapur. In 1979 he quit Congress to form the Karnataka Kranti Ranga with former Chief Minister D Devaraj Urs and he again joined congress in 1998.
Emma Raducanu wins BBC Sports Personality of the Year 2021
Tennis star Emma Raducanu is the BBC’s Sports Personality of the Year for 2021. She beat Tom Daley(diver) and Adam Peaty (swimmer) into second and third place, while England’s men’s footballers were named team of the year and Gareth Southgate the coach, as a triumphant period for British sport across the board was commemorated at a ceremony in Salford. Tom Daley won gold for the first time at his fourth Olympics in Tokyo.
Other award winners at Sports Personality 2021:
| Categories | Winners |
| Helen Rollason Award | Jen Beattie |
| Coach of the Year | Gareth Southgate |
| Team of the Year | England men’s football team |
| World Sport Star | Rachael Blackmore |
| Lifetime Achievement | Simone Biles |
| Unsung Hero | Sam Barlow |
| Young Sports Personality of the Year | Sky Brown |
Rishabh Pant named as Uttarakhand’s brand ambassador
Uttarakhand Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami has announced that Indian wicket-keeper batsman Rishabh Pant has been appointed as the brand ambassador of the state. The 24-year Pant, who was rested for the New Zealand Tests, is currently in South Africa as the Indian Team is all set to face Proteas in the three-match Test series, starting December 26.
About the Rishabh Pant:
Rishabh Rajendra Pant is an Indian cricketer who plays as a middle-order wicket-keeper batsman for India, Delhi, and the Delhi Capitals in the Indian Premier League. In December 2015, he was named in India’s squad for the 2016 Under-19 Cricket World Cup.
Important takeaways for all competitive exams:
- Uttarakhand Capitals: Dehradun (Winter), Gairsain (Summer);
- Uttarakhand Governor: Lt Gen Gurmit Singh;
- Uttarakhand Chief minister: Pushkar Singh Dhami.
A book titled “India’s Ancient Legacy of Wellness” by Dr Rekha Chaudhari
A book titled “India’s Ancient Legacy of Wellness” authored by Dr Rekha Chaudhari was launched in the presence of the Governor of Maharashtra, Bhagat Singh Koshyari. It was launched on the occasion of the World Digital Day (WDD) celebration. The book highlights how important it is for human beings to be close to nature which helps to revive and recharge to do productive work.
Nagaland creates 3 new districts Niuland, Tseminyu, Chumukedima
Nagaland government has announced the creation of three new districts, namely Tseminyu, Niuland and Chumoukedima. This comes less than a year after the 12th district of the state—Noklak—was inaugurated. With the addition of the three new districts, Nagaland will now have 15 districts. While the Tseminyu sub-division in Kohima district has been upgraded to a district, Niuland and Chumukedima have been carved out of Dimapur district.
Though there were demands from at least 11 tribes for the creation of new districts, the Cabinet could consider only three of them as some districts are inhabited by only one tribe and those cannot be divided.
Important takeaways for all competitive exams:
- Chief Minister of Nagaland: Neiphiu Rio; Governor of Nagaland: Jagdish Mukhi.
India registers highest-ever annual FDI inflow of 81.97 bn dollars in 2020-21
India has registered the highest ever annual Foreign Direct Investment inflow of $ 81.97 bn in 2020-21. FDI inflows in the last seven financial years is over $ 440 bn, which is nearly 58 % of the total FDI inflow in the last 21 financial years. The top five countries from where FDI Equity Inflows were received during 2014-2021 are Singapore, Mauritius, USA, Netherland & Japan.
GACL, GAIL team up to establish bioethanol plant in Gujarat
Gujarat Alkalies and Chemicals Limited (GACL) and GAIL (India) Limited has signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) for setting up a bioethanol plant with a production capacity of 500-kilo litre per day (KLD) in Gujarat. This MoU was signed on the lines of the roadmap launched by Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi for 20% Ethanol Blending in Petrol by 2025 in order to reduce the import of crude oil.
The estimated project cost is Rs. 1,000 crores and it is expected to generate annual revenue of approximately Rs. 1500 crores. An estimated savings of USD 70 million per year in Foreign Exchange is also expected through this project.
Important takeaways for all competitive exams:
- GAIL (India) Limited Founded: August 1984;
- GAIL (India) Limited Headquarters: New Delhi, Delhi;
- GAIL (India) Limited CMD: Manoj Jain.
Former SC Judge Justice GT Nanavati Who Headed ‘2002 Godhra Riots’ passes away
Former Supreme Court judge, Justice Girish Thakorlal Nanavati who headed two inquiry commissions formed to probe into the 2002 Godhra Riots & 1984 Anti-Sikh Riots, passed away. Justice Girish Thakorlal Nanavati was 86. He was elevated as the Judge of the Supreme Court of India with effect in March 1995 and he retired as an SC Judge in February 2000.
Haryana launches new Integrated Command and Control Center in Karnal
Haryana chief minister, Manohar Lal Khattar has opened the new Integrated Command and Control Center (ICCC) under the Karnal Smart City project. The new Command and Control Center will enable the functioning of advanced systems such as adaptive traffic control, automatic number plate recognition, detection of red-light violation and speed violation.
With the inauguration of ICCC, a slew of smart traffic management systems in the city went alive. Over 500 CCTV cameras at various locations now enable the functioning of advanced systems such as adaptive traffic control, automatic number plate recognition, detection of red-light violation and speed violation.
The inauguration also marks the rolling out of the public address system, various web and mobile apps related to the city administration, building management systems, environmental management systems, among others. Integrated with IT systems of different government departments, ICCC would act as the city’s emergency and disaster management centre enhancing safety, security and providing better public services in the city. It will also help the police in maintaining law and order.
Important takeaways for all competitive exams:
- Haryana Capital: Chandigarh;
- Haryana Governor: Bandaru Dattatreya;
- Haryana Chief Minister: Manohar Lal Khattar.
Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade launches LogiXtics
The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) has launched the Unified Logistics Interface Platform’s (ULIP) hackathon – ‘LogiXtics’ to crowdsource more ideas that will benefit the logistics industry. The Unified Logistics Interface Platform (ULIP) Hackathon – LogiXtics is being organised by NITI Aayog and Atal Innovation Mission.
About the ‘LogiXtics’:
- It is supported by National Industrial Corridor Development Corporation (NICDC) and NICDC Logistics Data Bank Services Limited (NLDSL).
- ULIP has been designed to enhance efficiency and reduce logistics costs in India by creating a transparent platform that can provide real-time information to all stakeholders.
- The cost of logistics in India is about 14% which is higher than in other countries in the world. National Industrial Corridor Development Corporation (NICDC) was mandated by NITI Aayog in January 2021 to develop ULIP.
Good Governance Week 2021: 20-25 December
Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh has inaugurated the Good Governance Week campaign themed “Prashasan Gaon Ki Aur” aimed at showcasing and replicating the best governance practices to the grassroots level. Good Governance Week is being celebrated on 20-25 December as part of the Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav celebration.
During the week-long event, over 700 Districts Collectors will visit Tehsil and Panchayat Samiti Headquarters in order to provide timely grievance redressal and improve service delivery. It is being celebrated by the Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG), Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions in collaboration with various other ministries and departments.
During the campaign, the following events will be held:
- December 21st: Deliberation on “Good Governance Initiatives by Ministry of External Affairs”.
- December 22nd: Deliberations on “National Workshop on Next Phase of Reforms to reduce compliance burden and Integrated & effective Governance practices by DPIIT”.
- December 23rd: A workshop by the Department of Personnel & Training on the theme – “Mission Karmayogi-The Path Ahead”
- December 24th: Workshop by Department of Administrative Reforms & Public Grievances on the theme- “Initiative for Increasing efficiency in Decision Making in Central Secretariat”.
- December 25th: “Good Governance Day” would be celebrated.
